In order to familiarize with and master the operating methods and technological requirements of the engraving machine, a simple summary of the processing technology of various industries was made. Large area engraving machine, the larger the engraving area, the corresponding engraving effect will be slightly worse. The longer the cross-section of the large area engraving machine, the longer the resonance (vibration) will be. Half-cutting is a relatively complicated process. The industries that are frequently used include fabrics, cell phone keys, reflective materials, and so on. The flatness of the floor is also very high. Lasers generally use homemade pipes to meet the requirements for adaptation. The specific engraving speed and light intensity are different for different users' materials, and their parameter combinations are also different. The general situation is:
1. Carton Packaging Industry (Rubber Sheet)
The main types of rubber engraving used are YM series. Generally, 50mm focusing lenses are used. The format is PLT and BMP. PLT is mainly applied to the edge. Both formats have their own advantages and specific analysis of specific situations. When the height of the carved character is greater than 10mm or the stroke line of the pattern is larger than 1.5mm, you can use the hem style, a 7mm single-layer ordinary rubber plate as an example. When the edge is wetted, the newspaper is humidified, and the air jet is blown to prevent blowing. Blow up wet newspapers so that the hooked lines are more delicate. At this time the general speed adjustment is: 0.5-0.8 m / min, the faster the speed, the greater the serration; light intensity adjustment: 20% -50%. Adjust with depth, if you want deeper light intensity up to 60%-70%. Double-layer rubber version is: 4mm double-layer rubber version light intensity to reach 1.5mm deep, the speed is generally adjusted to 0.5 meters / min, light intensity is 45%, depending on the circumstances. If the height of your carved character is less than 10mm, engraving is generally used. At this time, the speed is generally adjusted to 10-15 meters per minute; the light intensity is adjusted to a depth of 18%-28%, and the depth is 55%-75%. Slopes between 0.8-1.5, the resolution is generally 500-600dpi, the more dense or smaller text, the light intensity should also be set small, the slope is set relatively smaller.
2, fabric embroidery industry fabric cutting generally use high-speed damage machine CM or TM series, generally choose 50mm focusing lens, single layer cutting normal speed is 5 meters / min, light intensity is 40%, air pump power size, honeycomb floor is good or bad And flatness, the size of the light will affect the fabric damage effect. The greater the intensity of light, the greater the thermal radiation and the light and thin will produce a gap. At present, the biggest problem in cutting is the yellowing phenomenon. Place the fabric on the honeycomb floor, turn on the exhaust fan, remove smoke and dust in time, prevent the fumes from the cutting process from yellowing the fabric, turn on the air compressor, and ensure the blowing of the air. Blow away volatiles and fumes from the impurities in the kerf. It is better to use inert gas (such as nitrogen) for blowing.
(1), ordinary fabric cutting (non-woven, polyester, Dacron, silk, satin, twill, etc.) fabric is light material, in order to ensure the incision effect, we generally use 50mm focusing lens, fine spot, small slit. Open the external equipment of the
Laser Machine (exhaust air, blow air), and the fabric is flatly adsorbed on the honeycomb floor, and blow air with a high-power air pump compressor. Speed: Large graph or graph The outer curve smooth part can use higher speed, taking CM machine as an example, generally it is in 3-10m/min; small graph or graph inner curve or part with more corners adopts low speed, generally 0.5- 3m/min, light intensity: The matching principle of light intensity is that the light intensity is matched with large light intensity, and the light intensity at low speed is small. Generally, the light intensity is adjusted to 30-60; at low speed, it is 18-35%, and there must be small and large light intensity differences. The value is generally around 5-15% in order to achieve the matching of the size light intensity when cutting straight lines and curves acceleration and deceleration.
(2) Cutting of special fabrics (white cotton cloth, dust-free cloth, fabrics containing PC and plastic components, etc.) Craft requirements: White cotton cloth is not required to be cut yellow, clean cloth does not change color after cutting, incision is not hard, for these two For fabrics, we must use 50mm focusing lenses, preferably imported RF lasers, to ensure the quality and stability of the spot. Open ventilation, air blow (open air compressor when cutting white cotton cloth), conditional use of nitrogen is recommended. Velocity: 1.5-3 m/min, light intensity: 20-30%, because we want to achieve the purpose of not yellowing and not harden the incision, we must use moderate intensity to match the appropriate light intensity to cut, too fast we must To increase the light intensity, the incision will be discolored or hardened due to high-temperature, high-temperature scorching, and the speed is too slow. The light energy can stay too long at the incision and cannot achieve the desired effect. As far as the current equipment and processes are concerned, it is difficult to achieve this process requirement in a perfect manner. In particular, thicker white cotton surfaces will have discoloration in the cuts, and the dustless cloth will also appear slightly stiff.
(3) Cutting of double-layer fabrics (stickers) (the upper layer is cut through and the next layer is not damaged or slightly damaged). This is the processing technology in the electronics industry. It matches the laser's light control accuracy, stability, and light intensity. There are high requirements. At present, we generally use domestic glass tube proofing, which can basically achieve the effect, but it is recommended to use imported RF lasers for large batch processing. Open air blowing, the fabric is flatly adsorbed on the honeycomb, and the flatness of the four corners of the honeycomb floor is adjusted. Speed light intensity setting: The specific parameters depend on the material, both can achieve a better match on the line, generally on the level of 1.5-6 meters, the light intensity is about 18-35; the next layer of light speed is not Specific requirements, in the premise of ensuring a better incision quality can be opened as fast as possible, in addition to the difference in the setting of light intensity, so as to ensure the depth of cutting in the acceleration and deceleration to maintain consistency. (Some materials cannot be blown)
(4) Cutting of trademark weaving (weaving, weaving, branding) Trademark cutting We currently use two modes of automatic camera and semi-automatic manual cutting. The accuracy mainly depends on the precision of the machine's debugging and positioning. There are some differences, and it is impossible to cut them completely along the edges. The cutting method requires us to adopt the same method as ordinary cloth cutting. However, since the trademark of the woven fabric is much greater in accuracy and hardness than the fabric, there is a great difference in light intensity and speed. The speed and light intensity depend on the specific processing parts. Reference parameters: speed 1.2-5 meters/minute, light intensity 20-55%.
3, Plexiglass cutting and engraving There are many kinds of organic glass materials, import and domestic differences are very large, imported organic glass cut out very smooth, some domestic impurities too much, will blistering. Plexiglass cutting generally uses a low-speed machine because the power of the laser tube is not large, and the thin material accuracy is relatively high. The general speed does not exceed 3m/min. For example, the CMB series, the linear guideway produces fine lines, and the smoothness is also good. At present, we have five kinds of focusing lens, which is divided into focal length of the focusing lens (50mm\63.5mm\75mm\100mm), plus double focusing lens.
According to the material thickness:
Thick material cutting (10-20mm)
More than 10mm plexiglass generally use 75mm focusing lens, plexiglass over 25mm uses 100mm focusing lens, the deepest can cut 32mm plexiglass. 10mm plexiglass cutting: cutting speed is generally 0.08-0.12 m / min, light intensity 60-70%. At the light intensity of 60%, the blow-by air jet adjusts the air flow to make the edges smoother. Since the blow is larger, the melted object is blown back onto the organic glass by the auxiliary high pressure gas to form a matte surface. Try to make the wind smaller. Sometimes customers need to add paper or cut with a film. The wind must not be too small, otherwise it will catch fire. When cutting plexiglass, the speed and light intensity must match well. The slower the speed is, the better the smoothness is. More than 15mm plexiglass is best imported high-power laser. When the plexiglass is carved, it uses a leaky air jet cup. It should not be carved too deep. It is difficult to reach the bottom flatness when the carving is too deep. The greater the gas will affect the engraving edge effect, it must be carved more finely and clearly, and it must not be too deep and suffocating organic. The glass carving needs to pay attention to the setting of the resolution. If the output BMP format, the resolution is generally more than 600dpi, the speed is 8-18m/min, the light intensity is 20%-30%, and the blowing is turned off during cleaning. The bottom is smoother.
Thin material cutting (2-10mm)
5mm below the plexiglass using 50mm focusing lens, cutting speed is generally 0.35-0.8 m / min, light intensity is 45-65%, 5-10mm plexiglass generally use 63.5 mm focusing mirror, cutting speed is 0.15-0.3 M/min, light intensity is 50-75%, large area engraving machine, if serious resonance (vibration) occurs during engraving, the precision of the engraving machine will also be greatly reduced, so the format of the cutting plexiglass model should not be as far as possible. More than 1 meter, there are some white powder produced during the engraving of the plexiglass image to make it clearer, and if it is erased with water, it becomes more blurred. It depends on what kind of processing is performed like a concrete effect.
Engraving of glass (or mirrors) For some real glass carvings, some customers have carved out the effect of frosting on the glass, but the sharp points are broken, so the speed and light intensity are demanding. The general speed is 10 meters/minute and the light intensity is 35%. Mirror carving generally uses a metal marking machine, and the bottom is more delicate and smooth.
4, wood cutting and engraving wood carving mainly used in die-cutting board, wood model, veneer parquet, hanger carving, wooden frames and so on. There are plywood, solid wood, and medium density fiberboard. The most widely used cutting board is plywood. The general splint distinguishes 3mm, 5mm, 7mm these can cut, the normal 3mm splint sample speed can cut through at 1.2 m/min, some solid plates can cut 10mm. The specific situation depends on the material. 6mm die-cutting board is best to use 63.5mm focusing mirror, speed 0.2-0.4 m / min, light intensity of 75-80%, plus atmospheric pump or air compressor, the effect is more ideal. The thickness of the wood model cutting is generally less than 3 mm, and the general speed is 0.5-1.2 m/min. Veneer mosaic cutting is generally equipped with double focusing mirrors, requiring high customers, try to use RF tubes. Because the RF tube is delicate, the slits are small. Hanger Engraving - It is best to use a small area engraving machine for engraving. The engraving of the wood board sets the speed of the machine according to the size of the graphics and requires the effect. Some customers want to be darker and choose defocusing engraving. The size of the air pump affects the degree of scorching.
Hot drilling template cutting and engraving, hot drilling template variety of commonly used materials, cutting: hot drilling paper, carving (MDF) or thin plexiglass, hot drilling paper cutting generally use 50mm focusing mirror, open blowing and suction Adsorption of cardboard on the honeycomb, there are no special requirements on the cutting parameters and processing technology, because the cutting part of the graphics will not be too large, the speed is generally 0.5-3.5 m / min, the light intensity is generally about 18-40, Increase blowing as much as possible to reduce discoloration at the edge of the cut. Hot drilling board engraving speed of 10 meters / min, light intensity of 35%, resolution above 600 dpi. Specifically depends on the size of hot drilling, drilling hotter, hot drilling thickness is also thick, hot drilling board to be carved deeper 5, leather cutting and carving leather main application of upper carving, handbags, leather gloves, luggage and so on. Some of the production process to make holes, the surface hook line or cutting patterns, process requirements: hook line surface is not yellow, carved material background color, leather cutting edge is not black, carved to be clear. Materials are synthetic leather, PU leather, pvc artificial leather, leather wool, semi-finished products, and various leather fabrics and so on. The speed of engraving depends on the size of the graphics. The small pattern is relatively slow, the speed is 0.8 m/min, the large pattern cutting speed is 1.5-3 m/min, and the light intensity is 75%. Generally the leather can be cut through. . Leather cut slightly slower, speed 0.4-1.2 m / min, light intensity is 60-75%, leather cutting incision will be black, air cutting, but the formation of oxide layer at the incision, leather, etc. does not require a black cut , it is difficult to meet the requirements; all must be processed, such as cutting can be used plasticine to black out the edge of the stain. There are odors cut out. To this end, there is no solution. The use of high pressure nitrogen is required for cutting with nitrogen. The speed is slow and the cost is high. However, cutting without an oxide layer is a bit better. Different leather materials, use different cutting methods, such as artificial leather marking can be preceded by wet water and then marking, the effect is more ideal. Leather cutting surface can be added with textured paper to prevent yellowing of the surface; the edges are black and require special treatment.
6, two-color plate engraving and cutting according to the different colors of the material to do the map, the same image of a character in the black and white two-color plates carved exactly the opposite effect. Engraving generally uses a 50mm focusing mirror, usually with a resolution of 350-500 dpi, a speed of 8-20 m/min, and a light intensity of 20-30%. The size of the air pump affects the degree of burnt scorching. The greater the air blowing, the more blurred the engraving effect, so it is best not to blow the air, but also to get the jet cup off {Engraving will blow up the air nozzle if it is not blowing. Two-color plate cutting will be a bit soluble, edges will be black, the edge must be scraped through the blade processing}. Speed is 1m/min, light intensity is 50-60%, and sometimes the film is cut. After the film is cut off, the edge surface is more ideal.
7, lighting carving and cutting lighting materials: basically pvc, surface with cloth, but also with paper. Production process is drilling, carving, cutting flower shape, etc., some need to draw lines, but also cut flower shape, depending on the size of the graphics, the general cutting speed of 1.5 meters / min, light intensity of 45%, use atmospheric pump Or air compressor, no yellow edges. Engraving is generally at 15 meters/minute, light intensity is 30%, and resolution is at 200 dpi all reaching the bottom level.
8. Marble carving In general, marble carving uses pure black material, and there is no noisy point. In this way, the image of the sculptured figure is clear after image processing. The engraving speed is 8 meters/minute, the light intensity is 40%, the resolution is 600 dpi, and the network cable is 45 lines/inch.
9, paper cutting (paper cutting, mobile phone key film, cards, etc.)
Paper cutting generally uses a small model, double focusing lens, because the paper is relatively thin, the graphics will be more refined, small air pump is most suitable, can use RF tube is more ideal. Mobile phone keypads are also used by many customers and are generally used for proofing. Usually a small model with a 50mm focusing mirror. The speed is 0.5-1m/min, the light intensity is within 35%, and the graphics size is basically achieved by modifying all the figures by modifying the drawing, and the size of the cutting seam is added. However, the flatness of the honeycomb floor is also very high.
10. Knife stencil cutting Knife dies are mainly 0.45mm and 0.7mm. The requirements for slicing seams are more stringent, and the seam width is basically the same. The material is a medium-density fiberboard and a 6mm rubber plate. These materials are relatively hard and can only be cut at a slow speed, so they must be equipped with air compressors. 0.45 with 63.5 lenses, speed is generally 0.2 meters to 0.4 meters per minute, 0.7 with 50 lenses, the line is thickened to about 0.3mm cut twice, the speed is generally 0.3 to 0.5.
September 08, 2021
